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  1. Proper derivation of CH3NH3PbX3(MAPbX3; where X = Cl, Br, I) optical constants is a critical step toward the development of high‐performance perovskite devices. To date, the optical dispersions at all wavelengths have been inconsistently characterized by under‐approximating or omitting anomalous spectral features. Herein, a rigorous optical dispersion data analysis of single‐crystal MAPbBr3involving variable‐angle spectroscopic ellipsometry data appended with transmission intensity data is presented. This approach yields a more robust derivation of the refractive index and extinction coefficient for both anomalous (absorptance) and normal (no absorptance) optical dispersion regimes. Using the derived optical constants, illustrative modeled perovskite solar cell device designs are presented in relation to nonrealistic designs prepared using representative optical constants reported in the literature. In comparison, the derived optical constants enables the modeling of layer thicknesses to maximize absorption by the active layer (MAPbBr3) and minimize parasitic optical absorptance by the nonactive layers at broad angles of incidence (≈0°–70°). This robust derivation of MAPbBr3optical constants is expected to impact the optical dispersion data analysis of all perovskite analogs and expedite targeted development of, for example, solar cell, light‐emitting diode, photo‐ and X‐ray/γ‐ray detector, and laser system technologies.

     
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  2. Abstract

    The use of visible light to drive polymerizations with spatiotemporal control offers a mild alternative to contemporary UV‐light‐based production of soft materials. In this spectral region, photoredox catalysis represents the most efficient polymerization method, yet it relies on the use of heavy‐atoms, such as precious metals or toxic halogens. Herein, spin‐orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing from boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyads bearing twisted aromatic groups is shown to enable efficient visible light polymerizations in the absence of heavy‐atoms. A ≈5–15× increase in polymerization rate and improved photostability was achieved for twisted BODIPYs relative to controls. Furthermore, monomer polarity had a distinct effect on polymerization rate, which was attributed to charge transfer stabilization based on ultrafast transient absorption and phosphorescence spectroscopies. Finally, rapid and high‐resolution 3D printing with a green LED was demonstrated using the present photosystem.

     
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  3. Abstract

    The use of visible light to drive polymerizations with spatiotemporal control offers a mild alternative to contemporary UV‐light‐based production of soft materials. In this spectral region, photoredox catalysis represents the most efficient polymerization method, yet it relies on the use of heavy‐atoms, such as precious metals or toxic halogens. Herein, spin‐orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing from boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyads bearing twisted aromatic groups is shown to enable efficient visible light polymerizations in the absence of heavy‐atoms. A ≈5–15× increase in polymerization rate and improved photostability was achieved for twisted BODIPYs relative to controls. Furthermore, monomer polarity had a distinct effect on polymerization rate, which was attributed to charge transfer stabilization based on ultrafast transient absorption and phosphorescence spectroscopies. Finally, rapid and high‐resolution 3D printing with a green LED was demonstrated using the present photosystem.

     
    more » « less